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Overview

AVCHD uses the H.264 / MPEG-4 AVC format for video encoding, allowing a number of normal, high definition, and stereoscopic (3D) video resolutions. This supports both Dolby AC-3 (Dolby Digital) and uncomprimed linear PCM audio for audio compression. Both Stereo and Surround Multichannel (5.1) are provided.

In addition to captured audio and video, AVCHD provides several user-friendly features to enhance media presentation: menu navigation, quick slide shows and subtitles; The menu navigation scheme is similar to DVD-video, allowing access from a standard intro screen to the individual videos. Slide shows are prepared from a sequence of AVC still frames, and a background audio track may accompany them. In some camcorders subtitles are used to time stamp the recordings. 

Audio, video, subtitles, and ancillary streams are multiplexed into an MPEG transmission stream and stored as binary files on the media. Usually the FAT file system is used by memory cards and HDDs, while UDF or ISO 9660 is used by optical disks.

At the file system point, AVCHD's configuration is derived from the specification of Blu-ray Disc, but is not identical to that. Specifically, it uses the "8.3" file naming convention, whereas Blu-ray Discs uses long filenames (this may be due to the fact that Microsoft licenses FAT implementations using long file names and are allowed on a per unit basis sold). Another distinction is where the BDMV directory, which includes media files, is located. The BDMV directory is put at the root level on a DVD-based camcorder, as on the Blu-ray Disk. The BDMV directory is located in the AVCHD directory on the HDD-based Canon HG10 camcorder which is mounted at the root level. Panasonic and Canon solid-state camcorders nest the AVCHD directory inside the PRIVATE directory. The solid-state camcorders have a root-level DCIM directory for still images, following a format accepted by other still camera manufacturers. 

AVCHD is Blu-ray compatible and can be authored without re-encoding on Blu-rays or DVDs, although not all Blu-ray Disc players are compatible with AVCHD video authored on DVD media, a format known as AVCHD. 

AVCHD recordings can be transferred to a computer via USB connection connecting the camcorder. You can read portable files, such as SDHC and Memory Stick cards or DVDs directly on a screen. Copying files from an AVCHD camcorder or removable media can be achieved faster than from a tape-based camcorder, though realtime playback does not limit the transfer speed. Just as editing DVCPRO HD and HDV video once required an expensive high-end device, so powerful machines are needed for AVCHD editing software. AVCHD demands 2-4x the processing power for realtime playback compared to HDV, putting a greater burden on the computer's CPU and graphics card.

Improvements in the acceleration of multicore computing and graphics processors bring AVCHD playback to mainstream desktops and laptops.

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